Windmill.



No. 648,442.r

Patented May l, |900. o. F. scoTT.

Wl N D MIL L (Application led Bpt. 12, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

'NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR F. SCOTT, OF ANDERSON, OKLAHOMA TERRITORY.

WINDMILL.

srcrIcAroN forming part of Letters Patent No. 648,442, dated May 1,i900. Application iild September 12, 1899. Serial No. '780,25 9. (Nomodel.)

To ciZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR F. SCOTT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Anderson, in the county of Pottawatomie and Territory ofOklahoma, have invented a new and useful Windmill, of which thefollowing is a' specification.

My invention relates to improvements in windmills; and one object inview is to provide an automatic governor mechanism controllable by theforce of the wind in `opposition to a counterpoise for regulating thespeed of the wheel and the consequent power of the mill, such governormechanism including a wind-hood and appliances by which the hood and thewheel may be kept normally in the wind.

A further object is to provide a simple structure which is not liable toget out of order and is efficient in operation, the mill having animproved power-transmitting appliance between the wheel-shaft and thepumprod.

With these ends in view the invention consists in the novel combination,construction, and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter fullydescribed and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a Windmillconstructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a verticalsectional elevation thereof.

The same numerals of reference are used to indicate like andcorresponding parts in both figures of the drawings.

10 designates an ordinary windmill-tower, and l1 is avertical mast whichis mounted in the tower to turn freely in a horizontal directiontherein. Any suitable means may be employed for supporting the mast insaid tower; but in Fig. 2 I have shown the lower part of the mast assupported by a roller stepbearing 12, while another roller-bearing 13supports said mast in the upper part of the tower. The upper protrudingend of the mast carries a vertical frame '14, the lower part of whichbelow the hood is provided with a vertical strut 15. Said vertical framehas firmly secured to its front side a wind-directing hood 16, the samebeing essentially funnel-shaped and lying in a horizontal position onthe front side of the frame and mast.l In the lower inclined wall ofthis funnel-shaped hood is a longitudinal slot 17, adapted to permit apitman or link forming a part of the regulator to play freelytherethrough, as will hereinafter appear. A horizontal frame 18 issecured rmlyto the vertical frame 14 and the hood 16 to lie on the rearside of said vertical frame, and at its rear extremity this horizontalframe supports the vane or tail 19, the latterbeing of the usual or anypreferred construction. lf desired, suitable braces, as 19a, may beemployed between the rear part of the horizontal frame and the vane tostrengthen the latter. The wind-wheel is of a type well known to theart, the same being arranged within the horizontal frame 18 and betweenthe hood and the Vane. This wheel consists of a horizontal shaft 20, twoseries of radial arms 21, secured irmly to said shaft, and the radialblades 22, attached to the arms. The wheel-shaft is journaled insuitable bearings on the horizontal frame to present the upper half ofthe wheel in line with the hood 16, so that the wind passing through thehood will act on the blades at the upper side of the wheel. At one endthis wheel-shaft is formed with a short crank-arm 23, adapted to beconnected operatively with a pump-rod 24, the latter passing freelythrough a longitudinal passage of the vertical mast 11. The means whichI prefer to employ between the wheel-shaft and the pump-rod is arock-shaft 25, arranged in a horizontal position close to the verticalplane of the mast and journaled in proper bearings on the horizontalframe. At one end this rock-shaft has a crank-arm 26, the radius ofwhich is greater thau'the crank 23 of the wheel-shaft. A pitman 27 isconnected at its rear end to the short crank-arm of the wheelshaft,while its front end is connected to the long crank-arm of therock-shaft, and owing to the difference inthe lengths of the twocrank-arms the crank of the wheel-shaft is adapted to rotate when thewheel is driven by the wind acting against the same; but the rock-shaftis only turned or oscillated back and forth in its bearings by thepitman, thus imparting the proper reciprocating motion to the pump-rod24. This rock-shaft is connected with the upper end of the pump-rodthrough the medium of a crank 28, the same being fast or integral withthe shaft 25 and- IOO ' in the middle part of the hood. When nor-vhaving a pivotal connection with the rod, as shown by Fig. 2.

One of the peculiar features of my inven` 30, which is pivotally mountedwithin the.l

hood 16 and is adapted to turn on a horizontal axis therein in order tovary the area of thewind-passage through said hood: This cut-0E valve isin the form of a tlat board which is provided near its sides with thepintles or rods 31, adapted to support the valve pivotally withmalconditions prevail, the pivoted valve occupies a lhorizontal position inthe hood ,as shown by fulllines in Fig. 2, so that the valve will offerminimum resistance to the wind and permit the full force of the latterto act against the upper half of the wheel; but an increase Vin thepressure of the wind above a certain pointdetermined by the ponderosityof a count'erweight will actuate devices presently de-V scribed thatserve to turn the'valve to an inclined or vertical position, whereby thevolume of wind passing through the hood will be reduced to eifecta'corresponding diminution in the speed of the wheel. In the front edgeo'f the pivoted valve is formedV a notch 32, through which passes theupper part ofa link 35, said upper end of the link having a pivotalconnection with the valvey in advance of its pivotal support in thehood. vOn theY strutrl of the vertical frame, whichis carried by themast, `is arranged a bail or clevis 33, the same having pivotalconnection at its this pressure-board has a hinged connection' at 36,awith the horizontal frame 18, said hinge being llocated in rear of theframe 14, so as to support the pressure-board in a position for it 'tobe moved rearwardly towardV the wheel, as indicated by dotted Vlines inFig. 2, when the wind acts with vconsiderable pressure against saidboard. This pressure-board has operative connection with the pivotedvalve through the medium of the bail or clevis 33, and as a means forconnecting the pressureboard tothe bail a short link 38 has its rear endpivoted to the pressure-board at a point below its hinge, the front endof said link being connected to the bail or clevis at a pointintermediate the length of the latter.

- 39 designates a cable or rod which passes yin a downward direction and`alongside of the Pump vertical mast. The upper part of this cable Visfastened to the pivoted valve 30 on the opposite side of the pivot fromthe connection of the link 35 therewith, and to the lower end of thiscable is-fastened detachably in anyv suitable way a drop-weight orcounterpoise 40, said weight adapted to be easily removed. from thecable and to be repl-aced by another weight of different ponderosity.

Assuming that the counterpoise holds the pivoted valve normally in ahorizontal position and that the pressure-board is normally in avertical position, as shown by full lines -in"Fig. 2, the windisfree topass through the hood and act on the blades of the wheel to rotate thelatter in the direction indicated by va downward direction, so that thelink 35 will be drawn upon to move the pivoted valve to an inclinedposition against the weight of its counterpoise; but a decreasein thepressure of the Wind against thepressure-board causes the counterpoiseto return the valve to its horizontal position, and thereby actuate thebail through the links to'return the pressureboard to its normalposition. It isevident that excessive pressure of wind against the boardwill move the pivoted valve to avertical position to'entirely cut 0E thepassage of air through the hood., thus preventing the wind from actingagainst the wheel; butthe speed ofthe wheel may be regulated by theinterchange of counterpoises of l ditferent weights, as will bereadilyfapparent. The two frames 14 18, the wheel, the regulator, andthe vanebeing mounted upon the mast, the latter is free to turn in thetower when the wind shifts and blows sidewise against the vane. Hencethe mill may be kept in the wind.

Changes maybe made in the form and pro portion of some vof the partswhile their essential features are retained and the spirit of theinvention embodied. Hence I do not desire to be limited to thepreciseform of all the parts as shown, reserving the rightto varytherefrom. t ,j

Having thus described the invention, what vI claim is-a `,1. Inv awindmill, the combination with a Wheel revolubleon a horizontal axis, ofa hood arranged in a horizontal plane above the axis of the wheel, acounterpoised cut-off within said hood, a pressure-board hung on ahorizontal axis and vdisposed below the axis of the wheel and in frontof the lower part thereof, and operative connections between saidpressure-board and the cut-off to automatically shift the position ofthe latter within the hood,substantially as described.

2. In a windmill, the combination with a wheel, of a vertical hoodsituated in front of the wheel and above thchorizontal axis there- Anincrease in the of, a cut-ofi' pivoted within the hood, apressure-boardhung on a horizontal axis below the hood and the axis ofthe wheel and disposed in advance of the lower part of the wheel, thecounterpoise having a flexible connection with said cut-off, and a leveror clevis having individual operative connections with the free end ofthe cut-0E and with the pressure-board for automatically shifting theposition of the cut-o Within the hood, substantially as described. Y

3. A windmill comprising a revoluble mast VV'carrying the vertical andhorizontal frames,

a hood secured to the Vertical frame, a wind-

